What is a programming language?
A programming language is a way for programmers (developers) to communicate with computers.
If your plans to advance your career, when making your decision, you should consider several considerations, such as the level of difficulty you are willing to tackle, the programming language knowledge you already possess that matches your coding skills existing or the reasons why you are learning a top programming language.
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Popular Programming Languages
The list of popular programming languages, which we will analyze below, will include those that are especially in demand in 2023:
- JavaScript
- HTML & CSS
- Python
- SQL
- Java
- C#
- C++
- PHP
- Go.
1. JavaScript:
JavaScript creates dynamic, interactive interfaces, cross-platform web software, mobile apps or widgets, and browser-based games. At the same time, JavaScript is an effective tool for full-stack development, performing client-side and server-side functions. JS is also used to write macro scripts in many office programs. The versatility, ubiquity and high demand for JavaScript will determine which is the most popular programming language in the world in 2023.
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Advantages:
JS programming are fast and easy coding, the widest functionality of the mature language, and a wide variety of libraries and development environments for specific tasks. Disadvantages include noticeable differences in code interpretation by different browsers and the ability to prohibit the execution of certain scripts in JavaScript for security reasons. Also, JS scripts can run slower in some specific cases than scripts written in other languages
2. HTML and CSS
The next most common and in-demand pair of standard tools for creating web pages and online applications is the hypertext markup language HTML and cascading style sheets CSS. The combination of data structuring that HTML provides and their design with style sheets is the optimal basis for cross-platform front-end development of any websites and mobile applications of varying complexity now.
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Purpose of HTML
The primary purpose of HTML is to organize and type interface data. It is used to mark semantics (paragraphs, headings, quotes, lists, links, tables, etc.), multimedia (images, videos), and service objects (buttons, forms, etc.). The modern HTML 5 standard perfectly supports interactive page elements and multimedia integration to create engaging interfaces.
Purpose of CSS
CSS tables are used to visually design page elements that have been marked up in HTML. They help position, shape, size and color page elements, including various special effects such as shading or outline. The modern CSS 3 standard is a powerful and flexible tool for creating interface layouts. The combination of HTML and CSS is practically universal and can be used to create an adaptive design for pages of any complexity.
3. Python
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Python is one of the most popular programming languages today and is easy to learn for beginners due to its readability. It is a free, open-source programming language with extensive support modules and community development, easy integration with web services, easy-to-use data structures, and GUI-based desktop applications. It is a popular programming language for machine learning and deep learning applications.
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Purpose of Python
Python is used to develop 2D images and 3D animation packages such as Blender, Inkscape and Autodesk. It has also been used to create popular video games including Civilization IV, Vegas Trike and Toontown. Python is used for scientific and computing applications such as FreeCAD and Abacus and by popular websites such as YouTube, Quora, Pinterest and Instagram. Python developers earn average annual salaries of around $109,092.
Check this Python VS JavaScript for detailed cover about the significant differences of these two widely spoken languages in the coding world.
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4. SQL
SQL is a fairly old declarative programming language whose sole purpose is to manage data in relational databases of various sites and applications. SQL was created specifically as a tool for creating, modifying and managing data, intended for the average user. However, over time, given many additional tools and regulatory requirements, SQL has become a specific programming language.
Advantages of SQL
Judging by its prevalence and demand, SQL is currently the best in its class. Compared to competitors, it offers faster and more affordable data processing and integrity. There are also some difficulties with SQL. It is quite slow, especially with large amounts of data.
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5. Java
Java is another time-tested programming language used to develop many platforms and applications. The main unbeatable advantage of Java is the ability to run on any platform due to its dependence on the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed on any modern machine. As a result, Java runs on many platforms, from data centers to smartphones.
Advantages of Java
Software developers use Java to create various applications, including web applications, big data applications, mobile applications, enterprise solutions, games, and more. The most popular frameworks in Java are Spring, Spring Boot, Struts and Hibernate, which are applied by popular companies like Netflix, Yatra, Amazon, eBay, Accenture, NexGen Technologies and many more. Apart from this, Java provides many powerful tools, APIs and libraries for simple and fast software development.
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6. C#
C# has remained consistently popular as one of the "core" languages. C# is a .NET programming language developed by Microsoft. C# is ideal for backend/server architecture and Windows desktop application development. However, it can be used cross-platform and even for mobile app development (Xamarin uses C#). C# is the main language for game development using the Unity game engine.
Advantages of C#
C# is based on object-oriented programming, making it possible to build the application incrementally and support easier management. C# syntax resembles human language and benefits from using Visual Studio for development.
Disadvantages of C#
C# offers the same performance as C++ due to two-stage compilation. It is based on .NET, which may not be in sync with the general technology stack and requires even greater knowledge.
7. C and C++
C and C++ are among the oldest languages, ranking individually on the TIOBE index at positions 2 and 4, respectively, with C overtaking Java for second position. C is for system programming and embedded devices and OS kernels, but we can use both for application development. C++ is mainly for graphics heavy software like games.
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Benefits of C and C++
C/C++ are middle-level languages and are highly portable between operating systems. C++ is generic, imperative, and object-oriented, with dynamic memory allocation to make it run faster.
Disadvantages of C and C++
Both C and C++ are complex and practical. Debugging is difficult due to complex syntax and pointers, with no garbage collection support. C is not as safe as C++, but security is a concern for both because of "memory insecurity".
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